| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age |
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This commit adds the boilerplate code for supporting a list of
options in CHECKPOINT commands. No actual options are supported
yet, but follow-up commits will add support for MODE and
FLUSH_UNLOGGED. While at it, this commit refactors the code for
executing CHECKPOINT commands to its own function since it's about
to become significantly larger.
Author: Christoph Berg <myon@debian.org>
Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@oss.nttdata.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/aDnaKTEf-0dLiEfz%40msg.df7cb.de
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If certain constraint characteristic clauses (NO INHERIT, NOT VALID, NOT
ENFORCED) are given to CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER, the resulting error
message is
ERROR: TRIGGER constraints cannot be marked NO INHERIT
which is a bit silly, because these aren't "constraints of type
TRIGGER". Hardcode a better error message to prevent it. This is a
cosmetic fix for quite a fringe problem with no known complaints from
users, so no backpatch.
While at it, silently accept ENFORCED if given.
Author: Amul Sul <sulamul@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: jian he <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@oss.nttdata.com>
Reviewed-by: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@kurilemu.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAAJ_b97hd-jMTS7AjgU6TDBCzDx_KyuKxG+K-DtYmOieg+giyQ@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACJufxHSp2puxP=q8ZtUGL1F+heapnzqFBZy5ZNGUjUgwjBqTQ@mail.gmail.com
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AlterDomainStmt.subtype used characters for its subtypes of commands,
SET|DROP DEFAULT|NOT NULL and ADD|DROP|VALIDATE CONSTRAINT, which were
hardcoded in a couple of places of the code. The code is improved by
using an enum instead, with the same character values as the original
code.
Note that the field was documented in parsenodes.h and that it forgot to
mention 'V' (VALIDATE CONSTRAINT).
Author: Quan Zongliang <quanzongliang@yeah.net>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Reviewed-by: wenhui qiu <qiuwenhuifx@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Tender Wang <tndrwang@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/41ff310b-16bd-44b9-a3ef-97e20f14b709@yeah.net
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Trying to alter a constraint so that it becomes NOT VALID results in an
error that assumes the constraint is a foreign key. This is potentially
wrong, so give a more generic error message.
While at it, give CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER a better error message as
well.
Co-authored-by: jian he <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@oss.nttdata.com>
Co-authored-by: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@kurilemu.de>
Co-authored-by: Amul Sul <sulamul@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACJufxHSp2puxP=q8ZtUGL1F+heapnzqFBZy5ZNGUjUgwjBqTQ@mail.gmail.com
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Prior to this patch, every FETCH call would generate a unique queryId
with a different size specified. Depending on the workloads, this could
lead to a significant bloat in pg_stat_statements, as repeatedly calling
a specific cursor would result in a new queryId each time. For example,
FETCH 1 c1; and FETCH 2 c1; would produce different queryIds.
This patch improves the situation by normalizing the fetch size, so as
semantically similar statements generate the same queryId. As a result,
statements like the below, which differ syntactically but have the same
effect, will now share a single queryId:
FETCH FROM c1
FETCH NEXT c1
FETCH 1 c1
In order to do a normalization based on the keyword used in FETCH,
FetchStmt is tweaked with a new FetchDirectionKeywords. This matters
for "howMany", which could be set to a negative value depending on the
direction, and we want to normalize the queries with enough information
about the direction keywords provided, including RELATIVE, ABSOLUTE or
all the ALL variants.
Author: Sami Imseih <samimseih@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAA5RZ0tA6LbHCg2qSS+KuM850BZC_+ZgHV7Ug6BXw22TNyF+MA@mail.gmail.com
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The algorithm to squash lists of constants added by commit 62d712ecfd94
was a bit too simplistic; we wanted to avoid adding unnecessary
complexity, but cases like direct function calls of typecasting
functions (and others) were missed, and bogus SQL syntax was being shown
in pg_stat_statements normalized query text field. To fix normalization
for those cases, we need the parser to transmit information about were
each list of constant values starts and ends, so add that to a couple of
nodes. Also add a few more test cases to make sure we're doing the
right thing.
The patch initially submitted by Sami added a new private struct in
gram.y to carry the start/end information for A_Expr, but I (Álvaro)
decided that a better fix was to remove the parser indirection via the
in_expr production, and instead create separate components in the a_expr
rule. I'm surprised that this works and doesn't require more changes,
but I assume (without checking) that the grammar used to be more complex
and got simplified at some point.
Bump catversion.
Author: Sami Imseih <samimseih@gmail.com>
Author: Dmitry Dolgov <9erthalion6@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAA5RZ0tRXoPG2y6bMgBCWNDt0Tn=unRerbzYM=oW0syi1=C1OA@mail.gmail.com
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This commit reverts the two following commits:
- 499edb09741b, track more precisely query locations for nested
statements.
- 06450c7b8c70, a follow-up fix of 499edb09741b with query locations.
The test introduced in this commit is not reverted. This is proving
useful to track a problem that only pgaudit was able to detect.
These prove to have issues with the tracking of SELECT statements, when
these use multiple parenthesis which is something supported by the
grammar. Incorrect location and lengths are causing pg_stat_statements
to become confused, failing its job in query normalization with
potential out-of-bound writes because the location and the length may
not match with what can be handled. A lot of the query patterns
discussed when this issue was reported have no test coverage in the main
regression test suite, or the recovery test 027_stream_regress.pl would
have caught the problems as pg_stat_statements is loaded by the node
running the regression tests. A first step would be to improve the test
coverage to stress more the query normalization logic.
A different portion of this work was done in 45e0ba30fc40, with the
addition of tests for nested queries. These can be left in the tree.
They are useful to track the way inner queries are currently tracked by
PGSS with non-top-level entries, and will be useful when reconsidering
in the future the work reverted here.
Reported-by: Alexander Kozhemyakin <a.kozhemyakin@postgrespro.ru>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/18947-cdd2668beffe02bf@postgresql.org
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In an XMLTABLE expression, columns can be marked NOT NULL, and the
parser internally fabricates an option named "is_not_null" to
represent this. However, the parser also allows users to specify
arbitrary option names. This creates a conflict: a user can
explicitly use "is_not_null" as an option name and assign it a
non-Boolean value, which violates internal assumptions and triggers an
assertion failure.
To fix, this patch checks whether a user-supplied name collides with
the internally reserved option name and raises an error if so.
Additionally, the internal name is renamed to "__pg__is_not_null" to
further reduce the risk of collision with user-defined names.
Reported-by: Евгений Горбанев <gorbanyoves@basealt.ru>
Author: Richard Guo <guofenglinux@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@kurilemu.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/6bac9886-65bf-4cec-96bd-e304159f28db@basealt.ru
Backpatch-through: 15
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This allows them to be added without scanning the table, and validating
them afterwards without holding access exclusive lock on the table after
any violating rows have been deleted or fixed.
Doing ALTER TABLE ... SET NOT NULL for a column that has an invalid
not-null constraint validates that constraint. ALTER TABLE .. VALIDATE
CONSTRAINT is also supported. There are various checks on whether an
invalid constraint is allowed in a child table when the parent table has
a valid constraint; this should match what we do for enforced/not
enforced constraints.
pg_attribute.attnotnull is now only an indicator for whether a not-null
constraint exists for the column; whether it's valid or invalid must be
queried in pg_constraint. Applications can continue to query
pg_attribute.attnotnull as before, but now it's possible that NULL rows
are present in the column even when that's set to true.
For backend internal purposes, we cache the nullability status in
CompactAttribute->attnullability that each tuple descriptor carries
(replacing CompactAttribute.attnotnull, which was a mirror of
Form_pg_attribute.attnotnull). During the initial tuple descriptor
creation, based on the pg_attribute scan, we set this to UNRESTRICTED if
pg_attribute.attnotnull is false, or to UNKNOWN if it's true; then we
update the latter to VALID or INVALID depending on the pg_constraint
scan. This flag is also copied when tupledescs are copied.
Comparing tuple descs for equality must also compare the
CompactAttribute.attnullability flag and return false in case of a
mismatch.
pg_dump deals with these constraints by storing the OIDs of invalid
not-null constraints in a separate array, and running a query to obtain
their properties. The regular table creation SQL omits them entirely.
They are then dealt with in the same way as "separate" CHECK
constraints, and dumped after the data has been loaded. Because no
additional pg_dump infrastructure was required, we don't bump its
version number.
I decided not to bump catversion either, because the old catalog state
works perfectly in the new world. (Trying to run with new catalog state
and the old server version would likely run into issues, however.)
System catalogs do not support invalid not-null constraints (because
commit 14e87ffa5c54 didn't allow them to have pg_constraint rows
anyway.)
Author: Rushabh Lathia <rushabh.lathia@gmail.com>
Author: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>
Tested-by: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat.oss@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAGPqQf0KitkNack4F5CFkFi-9Dqvp29Ro=EpcWt=4_hs-Rt+bQ@mail.gmail.com
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Previously, ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES did not support large objects.
This meant that to grant privileges to users other than the owner,
permissions had to be manually assigned each time a large object
was created, which was inconvenient.
This commit extends ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES to allow defining default
access privileges for large objects. With this change, specified privileges
will automatically apply to newly created large objects, making privilege
management more efficient.
As a side effect, this commit introduces the new keyword OBJECTS
since it's used in the syntax of ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES.
Original patch by Haruka Takatsuka, with some fixes and tests by Yugo Nagata,
and rebased by Laurenz Albe.
Author: Takatsuka Haruka <harukat@sraoss.co.jp>
Co-authored-by: Yugo Nagata <nagata@sraoss.co.jp>
Co-authored-by: Laurenz Albe <laurenz.albe@cybertec.at>
Reviewed-by: Masao Fujii <masao.fujii@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20240424115242.236b499b2bed5b7a27f7a418@sraoss.co.jp
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This expands the NOT ENFORCED constraint flag, previously only
supported for CHECK constraints (commit ca87c415e2f), to foreign key
constraints.
Normally, when a foreign key constraint is created on a table, action
and check triggers are added to maintain data integrity. With this
patch, if a constraint is marked as NOT ENFORCED, integrity checks are
no longer required, making these triggers unnecessary. Consequently,
when creating a NOT ENFORCED foreign key constraint, triggers will not
be created, and the constraint will be marked as NOT VALID.
Similarly, if an existing foreign key constraint is changed to NOT
ENFORCED, the associated triggers will be dropped, and the constraint
will also be marked as NOT VALID. Conversely, if a NOT ENFORCED
foreign key constraint is changed to ENFORCED, the necessary triggers
will be created, and the will be changed to VALID by performing
necessary validation.
Since not-enforced foreign key constraints have no triggers, the
shortcut used for example in psql and pg_dump to skip looking for
foreign keys if the relation is known not to have triggers no longer
applies. (It already didn't work for partitioned tables.)
Author: Amul Sul <sulamul@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Joel Jacobson <joel@compiler.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Reviewed-by: jian he <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>
Reviewed-by: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat.oss@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Isaac Morland <isaac.morland@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexandra Wang <alexandra.wang.oss@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Triveni N <triveni.n@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAAJ_b962c5AcYW9KUt_R_ER5qs3fUGbe4az-SP-vuwPS-w-AGA@mail.gmail.com
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Commit d45597f72fe5 introduced the ability to change a not-null
constraint from NO INHERIT to INHERIT and vice versa, but we included
the SET noise word in the syntax for it. The SET turns out not to be
necessary and goes against what the SQL standard says for other ALTER
TABLE subcommands, so remove it.
This changes the way this command is processed for constraint types
other than not-null, so there are some error message changes.
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Reviewed-by: Suraj Kharage <suraj.kharage@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/202503251602.vsxaehsyaoac@alvherre.pgsql
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This allows to redefine an existing non-inheritable constraint to be
inheritable, which allows to straighten up situations with NO INHERIT
constraints so that thay can become normal constraints without having to
re-verify existing data. For existing inheritance children this may
require creating additional constraints, if they don't exist already.
It also allows to do the opposite, if only for symmetry.
Author: Suraj Kharage <suraj.kharage@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: jian he <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAF1DzPVfOW6Kk=7SSh7LbneQDJWh=PbJrEC_Wkzc24tHOyQWGg@mail.gmail.com
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This bogus error message was introduced in 2013 by commit f177cbfe676d,
because of misunderstanding the processCASbits() API; at the time, no
test cases were added that would be affected by this change. Only in
ca87c415e2fc was one added (along with a couple of typos), with an XXX
note that the error message was bogus. Fix the whole, add some test
cases.
Backpatch all the way back.
Reviewed-by: Nathan Bossart <nathandbossart@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/202503041822.aobpqke3igvb@alvherre.pgsql
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Replace the use of Constraint with a new ATAlterConstraint struct, which
allows us to pass additional information. No functionality is added by
this commit. This is necessary for future work that allows altering
constraints in other ways.
I (Álvaro) took the liberty of restructuring the code for ALTER
CONSTRAINT beyond what Amul did. The original coding before Amul's
patch was unnecessarily baroque, and this change makes things simpler
by removing one level of subroutine. Also, partly remove the assumption
that only partitioned tables are relevant (by passing sensible 'recurse'
arguments) and no longer ignore whether ONLY was specified. I say
'partly' because the current coding only walks down via the 'conparentid'
relationship, which is only used for partitioned tables; but future
patches could handle ONLY or not for other types of constraint changes
for legacy inheritance trees too.
Author: Amul Sul <sulamul@gmail.com>
Author: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAAJ_b94bfgPV-8Mw_HwSBeheVwaK9=5s+7+KbBj_NpwXQFgDGg@mail.gmail.com
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This adds a new variant of generated columns that are computed on read
(like a view, unlike the existing stored generated columns, which are
computed on write, like a materialized view).
The syntax for the column definition is
... GENERATED ALWAYS AS (...) VIRTUAL
and VIRTUAL is also optional. VIRTUAL is the default rather than
STORED to match various other SQL products. (The SQL standard makes
no specification about this, but it also doesn't know about VIRTUAL or
STORED.) (Also, virtual views are the default, rather than
materialized views.)
Virtual generated columns are stored in tuples as null values. (A
very early version of this patch had the ambition to not store them at
all. But so much stuff breaks or gets confused if you have tuples
where a column in the middle is completely missing. This is a
compromise, and it still saves space over being forced to use stored
generated columns. If we ever find a way to improve this, a bit of
pg_upgrade cleverness could allow for upgrades to a newer scheme.)
The capabilities and restrictions of virtual generated columns are
mostly the same as for stored generated columns. In some cases, this
patch keeps virtual generated columns more restricted than they might
technically need to be, to keep the two kinds consistent. Some of
that could maybe be relaxed later after separate careful
considerations.
Some functionality that is currently not supported, but could possibly
be added as incremental features, some easier than others:
- index on or using a virtual column
- hence also no unique constraints on virtual columns
- extended statistics on virtual columns
- foreign-key constraints on virtual columns
- not-null constraints on virtual columns (check constraints are supported)
- ALTER TABLE / DROP EXPRESSION
- virtual column cannot have domain type
- virtual columns are not supported in logical replication
The tests in generated_virtual.sql have been copied over from
generated_stored.sql with the keyword replaced. This way we can make
sure the behavior is mostly aligned, and the differences can be
visible. Some tests for currently not supported features are
currently commented out.
Reviewed-by: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Dean Rasheed <dean.a.rasheed@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Shlok Kyal <shlok.kyal.oss@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/a368248e-69e4-40be-9c07-6c3b5880b0a6@eisentraut.org
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This allows the RETURNING list of INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE/MERGE queries
to explicitly return old and new values by using the special aliases
"old" and "new", which are automatically added to the query (if not
already defined) while parsing its RETURNING list, allowing things
like:
RETURNING old.colname, new.colname, ...
RETURNING old.*, new.*
Additionally, a new syntax is supported, allowing the names "old" and
"new" to be changed to user-supplied alias names, e.g.:
RETURNING WITH (OLD AS o, NEW AS n) o.colname, n.colname, ...
This is useful when the names "old" and "new" are already defined,
such as inside trigger functions, allowing backwards compatibility to
be maintained -- the interpretation of any existing queries that
happen to already refer to relations called "old" or "new", or use
those as aliases for other relations, is not changed.
For an INSERT, old values will generally be NULL, and for a DELETE,
new values will generally be NULL, but that may change for an INSERT
with an ON CONFLICT ... DO UPDATE clause, or if a query rewrite rule
changes the command type. Therefore, we put no restrictions on the use
of old and new in any DML queries.
Dean Rasheed, reviewed by Jian He and Jeff Davis.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEZATCWx0J0-v=Qjc6gXzR=KtsdvAE7Ow=D=mu50AgOe+pvisQ@mail.gmail.com
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This adds support for the NOT ENFORCED/ENFORCED flag for constraints,
with support for check constraints.
The plan is to eventually support this for foreign key constraints,
where it is typically more useful.
Note that CHECK constraints do not currently support ALTER operations,
so changing the enforceability of an existing constraint isn't
possible without dropping and recreating it. This could be added
later.
Author: Amul Sul <amul.sul@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Reviewed-by: jian he <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Triveni N <triveni.n@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAAJ_b962c5AcYW9KUt_R_ER5qs3fUGbe4az-SP-vuwPS-w-AGA@mail.gmail.com
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Backpatch-through: 13
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Trying to clean up the code a bit while we're working on these files
for the reentrant scanner/pure parser patches. This cleanup only
touches the code sections after the second '%%' in each file, via a
manually-supervised and locally hacked up pgindent.
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We now create contype='n' pg_constraint rows for not-null constraints on
user tables. Only one such constraint is allowed for a column.
We propagate these constraints to other tables during operations such as
adding inheritance relationships, creating and attaching partitions and
creating tables LIKE other tables. These related constraints mostly
follow the well-known rules of conislocal and coninhcount that we have
for CHECK constraints, with some adaptations: for example, as opposed to
CHECK constraints, we don't match not-null ones by name when descending
a hierarchy to alter or remove it, instead matching by the name of the
column that they apply to. This means we don't require the constraint
names to be identical across a hierarchy.
The inheritance status of these constraints can be controlled: now we
can be sure that if a parent table has one, then all children will have
it as well. They can optionally be marked NO INHERIT, and then children
are free not to have one. (There's currently no support for altering a
NO INHERIT constraint into inheriting down the hierarchy, but that's a
desirable future feature.)
This also opens the door for having these constraints be marked NOT
VALID, as well as allowing UNIQUE+NOT NULL to be used for functional
dependency determination, as envisioned by commit e49ae8d3bc58. It's
likely possible to allow DEFERRABLE constraints as followup work, as
well.
psql shows these constraints in \d+, though we may want to reconsider if
this turns out to be too noisy. Earlier versions of this patch hid
constraints that were on the same columns of the primary key, but I'm
not sure that that's very useful. If clutter is a problem, we might be
better off inventing a new \d++ command and not showing the constraints
in \d+.
For now, we omit these constraints on system catalog columns, because
they're unlikely to achieve anything.
The main difference to the previous attempt at this (b0e96f311985) is
that we now require that such a constraint always exists when a primary
key is in the column; we didn't require this previously which had a
number of unpalatable consequences. With this requirement, the code is
easier to reason about. For example:
- We no longer have "throwaway constraints" during pg_dump. We needed
those for the case where a table had a PK without a not-null
underneath, to prevent a slow scan of the data during restore of the
PK creation, which was particularly problematic for pg_upgrade.
- We no longer have to cope with attnotnull being set spuriously in
case a primary key is dropped indirectly (e.g., via DROP COLUMN).
Some bits of code in this patch were authored by Jian He.
Author: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>
Author: Bernd Helmle <mailings@oopsware.de>
Reviewed-by: 何建 (jian he) <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: 王刚 (Tender Wang) <tndrwang@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: Dean Rasheed <dean.a.rasheed@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/202408310358.sdhumtyuy2ht@alvherre.pgsql
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This patch responds to a comment that I (tgl) made in the
discussion leading up to 774171c4f, that really all errors
occurring during raw parsing should provide error cursors.
Syntax errors reported by Bison will have one, and most of
the handwritten ereport's in gram.y already provide one,
but there were a few stragglers.
(It is not claimed that this handles every failure reachable
during raw parsing --- out-of-memory is an obvious exception.
But this makes a good start on cases that are likely to occur.)
While we're at it, clean up the reported positions for errors
associated with LIMIT/OFFSET clauses. Previously we were
relying on applying exprLocation() to the contained expressions,
but that leads to slightly odd cursor placement, e.g.
regression=# (select * from foo limit 10) limit 10;
ERROR: multiple LIMIT clauses not allowed
LINE 1: (select * from foo limit 10) limit 10;
^
We can afford to keep a little more state in the transient
SelectLimit structs in order to make that better.
Jian He and Tom Lane (extracted from a larger patch by Jian,
with some additional work by me)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACJufxEmONE3P2En=jopZy1m=cCCUs65M4+1o52MW5og9oaUPA@mail.gmail.com
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This allows an error cursor to be supplied for a bunch of
bad-function-definition errors that previously lacked one,
or that cheated a bit by pointing at the contained type name
when the error isn't really about that.
Bump catversion from an abundance of caution --- I don't think
this node type can actually appear in stored views/rules, but
better safe than sorry.
Jian He and Tom Lane (extracted from a larger patch by Jian,
with some additional work by me)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACJufxEmONE3P2En=jopZy1m=cCCUs65M4+1o52MW5og9oaUPA@mail.gmail.com
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as determined by IWYU
These are mostly issues that are new since commit dbbca2cf299.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/0df1d5b1-8ca8-4f84-93be-121081bde049%40eisentraut.org
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Previously, a Query generated through the transform phase would have
unset stmt_location, tracking the starting point of a query string.
Extensions relying on the statement location to extract its relevant
parts in the source text string would fallback to use the whole
statement instead, leading to confusing results like in
pg_stat_statements for queries relying on nested queries, like:
- EXPLAIN, with top-level and nested query using the same query string,
and a query ID coming from the nested query when the non-top-level
entry.
- Multi-statements, with only partial portions of queries being
normalized.
- COPY TO with a query, SELECT or DMLs.
This patch improves things by keeping track of the statement locations
and propagate it to Query during transform, allowing PGSS to only show
the relevant part of the query for nested query. This leads to less
bloat in entries for non-top-level entries, as queries can now be
grouped within the same (toplevel, queryid) duos in pg_stat_statements.
The result gives a stricter one-one mapping between query IDs and its
query strings.
The regression tests introduced in 45e0ba30fc40 produce differences
reflecting the new logic.
Author: Anthonin Bonnefoy
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier, Jian He
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAO6_XqqM6S9bQ2qd=75W+yKATwoazxSNhv5sjW06fjGAtHbTUA@mail.gmail.com
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Up to now, the parser's reporting of a statement's stmt_location
included any preceding whitespace or comments. This isn't really
desirable but was done to avoid accounting honestly for nonterminals
that reduce to empty. It causes problems for pg_stat_statements,
which partially compensates by manually stripping whitespace, but
is not bright enough to strip /*-style comments. There will be
more problems with an upcoming patch to improve reporting of errors
in extension scripts, so it's time to do something about this.
The thing we have to do to make it work right is to adjust
YYLLOC_DEFAULT to scan the inputs of each production to find the
first one that has a valid location (i.e., did not reduce to
empty). In theory this adds a little bit of per-reduction overhead,
but in practice it's negligible. I checked by measuring the time
to run raw_parser() on the contents of information_schema.sql, and
there was basically no change.
Having done that, we can rely on any nonterminal that didn't reduce
to completely empty to have a correct starting location, and we don't
need the kluges the stmtmulti production formerly used.
This should have a side benefit of allowing parse error reports to
include an error position in some cases where they formerly failed to
do so, due to trying to report the position of an empty nonterminal.
I did not go looking for an example though. The one previously known
case where that could happen (OptSchemaEltList) no longer needs the
kluge it had; but I rather doubt that that was the only case.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ZvV1ClhnbJLCz7Sm@msg.df7cb.de
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This is a continuation of work like 11c34b342bd7, done to reduce the
bloat of pg_stat_statements by applying more normalization to query
entries. This commit is able to detect and normalize values in
VariableSetStmt, resulting in:
SET conf_param = $1
Compared to other parse nodes, VariableSetStmt is embedded in much more
places in the parser, impacting many query patterns in
pg_stat_statements. A custom jumble function is used, with an extra
field in the node to decide if arguments should be included in the
jumbling or not, a location field being not enough for this purpose.
This approach allows for a finer tuning.
Clauses relying on one or more keywords are not normalized, for example:
* DEFAULT
* FROM CURRENT
* List of keywords. SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION,
where it is critical to differentiate different sets of options, is a
good example of why normalization should not happen.
Some queries use VariableSetStmt for some subclauses with SET, that also
have their values normalized:
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER ROLE
- ALTER SYSTEM
- CREATE/ALTER FUNCTION
ba90eac7a995 has added test coverage for most of the existing SET
patterns. The expected output of these tests shows the difference this
commit creates. Normalization could be perhaps applied to more portions
of the grammar but what is done here is conservative, and good enough as
a starting point.
Author: Greg Sabino Mullane, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/36e5bffe-e989-194f-85c8-06e7bc88e6f7@amazon.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/B44FA29D-EBD0-4DD9-ABC2-16F1CB087074@amazon.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAKAnmmJtJY2jzQN91=2QAD2eAJAA-Per61eyO48-TyxEg-q0Rg@mail.gmail.com
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Since autovacuum does not trigger an ANALYZE for partitioned tables,
users must perform these manually. However, performing a manual ANALYZE
on a partitioned table would always result in recursively analyzing each
partition and that could be undesirable as autovacuum takes care of that.
For partitioned tables that contain a large number of partitions, having
to analyze each partition could take an unreasonably long time, especially
so for tables with a large number of columns.
Here we allow the ONLY keyword to prefix the name of the table to allow
users to have ANALYZE skip processing partitions. This option can also
be used with VACUUM, but there is no work to do if VACUUM ONLY is used on
a partitioned table.
This commit also changes the behavior of VACUUM and ANALYZE for
inheritance parents. Previously inheritance child tables would not be
processed when operating on the parent. Now, by default we *do* operate
on the child tables. ONLY can be used to obtain the old behavior.
The release notes should note this as an incompatibility. The default
behavior has not changed for partitioned tables as these always
recursively processed the partitions.
Author: Michael Harris <harmic@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CADofcAWATx_haD=QkSxHbnTsAe6+e0Aw8Eh4H8cXyogGvn_kOg@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CADofcAXVbD0yGp_EaC9chmzsOoSai3jcfBCnyva3j0RRdRvMVA@mail.gmail.com
Reviewed-by: Jelte Fennema-Nio <postgres@jeltef.nl>
Reviewed-by: Melih Mutlu <m.melihmutlu@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Atsushi Torikoshi <torikoshia@oss.nttdata.com>
Reviewed-by: jian he <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com>
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Since we introduced unlogged sequences in v15, identity sequences
have defaulted to having the same persistence as their owning table.
However, it is possible to change that with ALTER SEQUENCE, and
pg_dump tries to preserve the logged-ness of sequences when it doesn't
match (as indeed it wouldn't for an unlogged table from before v15).
The fly in the ointment is that ALTER SEQUENCE SET [UN]LOGGED fails
in binary-upgrade mode, because it needs to assign a new relfilenode
which we cannot permit in that mode. Thus, trying to pg_upgrade a
database containing a mismatching identity sequence failed.
To fix, add syntax to ADD/ALTER COLUMN GENERATED AS IDENTITY to allow
the sequence's persistence to be set correctly at creation, and use
that instead of ALTER SEQUENCE SET [UN]LOGGED in pg_dump. (I tried to
make SET [UN]LOGGED work without any pg_dump modifications, but that
seems too fragile to be a desirable answer. This way should be
markedly faster anyhow.)
In passing, document the previously-undocumented SEQUENCE NAME option
that pg_dump also relies on for identity sequences; I see no value
in trying to pretend it doesn't exist.
Per bug #18618 from Anthony Hsu.
Back-patch to v15 where we invented this stuff.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/18618-d4eb26d669ed110a@postgresql.org
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Add PERIOD clause to foreign key constraint definitions. This is
supported for range and multirange types. Temporal foreign keys check
for range containment instead of equality.
This feature matches the behavior of the SQL standard temporal foreign
keys, but it works on PostgreSQL's native ranges instead of SQL's
"periods", which don't exist in PostgreSQL (yet).
Reference actions ON {UPDATE,DELETE} {CASCADE,SET NULL,SET DEFAULT}
are not supported yet.
(previously committed as 34768ee3616, reverted by 8aee330af55; this is
essentially unchanged from those)
Author: Paul A. Jungwirth <pj@illuminatedcomputing.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Reviewed-by: jian he <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CA+renyUApHgSZF9-nd-a0+OPGharLQLO=mDHcY4_qQ0+noCUVg@mail.gmail.com
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Add WITHOUT OVERLAPS clause to PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE constraints.
These are backed by GiST indexes instead of B-tree indexes, since they
are essentially exclusion constraints with = for the scalar parts of
the key and && for the temporal part.
(previously committed as 46a0cd4cefb, reverted by 46a0cd4cefb; the new
part is this:)
Because 'empty' && 'empty' is false, the temporal PK/UQ constraint
allowed duplicates, which is confusing to users and breaks internal
expectations. For instance, when GROUP BY checks functional
dependencies on the PK, it allows selecting other columns from the
table, but in the presence of duplicate keys you could get the value
from any of their rows. So we need to forbid empties.
This all means that at the moment we can only support ranges and
multiranges for temporal PK/UQs, unlike the original patch (above).
Documentation and tests for this are added. But this could
conceivably be extended by introducing some more general support for
the notion of "empty" for other types.
Author: Paul A. Jungwirth <pj@illuminatedcomputing.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Reviewed-by: jian he <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CA+renyUApHgSZF9-nd-a0+OPGharLQLO=mDHcY4_qQ0+noCUVg@mail.gmail.com
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This commit reverts 1adf16b8fb, 87c21bb941, and subsequent fixes and
improvements including df64c81ca9, c99ef1811a, 9dfcac8e15, 885742b9f8,
842c9b2705, fcf80c5d5f, 96c7381c4c, f4fc7cb54b, 60ae37a8bc, 259c96fa8f,
449cdcd486, 3ca43dbbb6, 2a679ae94e, 3a82c689fd, fbd4321fd5, d53a4286d7,
c086896625, 4e5d6c4091, 04158e7fa3.
The reason for reverting is security issues related to repeatable name lookups
(CVE-2014-0062). Even though 04158e7fa3 solved part of the problem, there
are still remaining issues, which aren't feasible to even carefully analyze
before the RC deadline.
Reported-by: Noah Misch, Robert Haas
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20240808171351.a9.nmisch%40google.com
Backpatch-through: 17
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Currently, createPartitionTable() opens newly created table using its name.
This approach is prone to privilege escalation attack, because we might end
up opening another table than we just created.
This commit address the issue above by opening newly created table by its
OID. It appears to be tricky to get a relation OID out of ProcessUtility().
We have to extend TableLikeClause with new newRelationOid field, which is
filled within ProcessUtility() to be further accessed by caller.
Security: CVE-2014-0062
Reported-by: Noah Misch
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20240808171351.a9.nmisch%40google.com
Reviewed-by: Pavel Borisov, Dmitry Koval
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This used to be part of CREATE OPERATOR CLASS and ALTER OPERATOR
FAMILY, but it has done nothing (except issue a NOTICE) since
PostgreSQL 8.4. Commit 30e7c175b81 removed support for dumping from
pre-9.2 servers, so this no longer serves any need.
This now removes it completely, and you'd get a normal parse error if
you used it.
Reviewed-by: Aleksander Alekseev <aleksander@timescale.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/113ef2d2-3657-4353-be97-f28fceddbca1%40eisentraut.org
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Due to an oversight in de3600452b61, the ON EMPTY clause was
incorrectly allowed in the EXISTS column. Fix the grammar to prevent
this.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BHiwqHh3YDXTpccgAo4CdfV9Mhy%2Bmg%3Doh6t8rfM5uLW1BJN4g%40mail.gmail.com
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"As so-and-so" isn't bad English, but it has a faintly archaic
whiff to it, and confuses some non-native speakers. Write
"Like so-and-so" instead.
Per complaint from Tatsuo Ishii.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20240623.130154.1867056921698616251.t-ishii@sranhm.sra.co.jp.sranhm
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This feature set did not handle empty ranges correctly, and it's now
too late for PostgreSQL 17 to fix it.
The following commits are reverted:
6db4598fcb8 Add stratnum GiST support function
46a0cd4cefb Add temporal PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE constraints
86232a49a43 Fix comment on gist_stratnum_btree
030e10ff1a3 Rename pg_constraint.conwithoutoverlaps to conperiod
a88c800deb6 Use daterange and YMD in without_overlaps tests instead of tsrange.
5577a71fb0c Use half-open interval notation in without_overlaps tests
34768ee3616 Add temporal FOREIGN KEY contraints
482e108cd38 Add test for REPLICA IDENTITY with a temporal key
c3db1f30cba doc: clarify PERIOD and WITHOUT OVERLAPS in CREATE TABLE
144c2ce0cc7 Fix ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING/UPDATE for temporal indexes
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/d0b64a7a-dfe4-4b84-a906-c7dedfa40a3e@eisentraut.org
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introduced by de3600452b
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There are some problems with the new way to handle these constraints
that were detected at the last minute, and require fixes that appear too
invasive to be doing this late in the cycle. Revert this (again) for
now, we'll try again with these problems fixed.
The following commits are reverted:
b0e96f311985 Catalog not-null constraints
9b581c534186 Disallow changing NO INHERIT status of a not-null constraint
d0ec2ddbe088 Fix not-null constraint test
ac22a9545ca9 Move privilege check to the right place
b0f7dd915bca Check stack depth in new recursive functions
3af721794272 Update information_schema definition for not-null constraints
c3709100be73 Fix propagating attnotnull in multiple inheritance
d9f686a72ee9 Fix restore of not-null constraints with inheritance
d72d32f52d26 Don't try to assign smart names to constraints
0cd711271d42 Better handle indirect constraint drops
13daa33fa5a6 Disallow NO INHERIT not-null constraints on partitioned tables
d45597f72fe5 Disallow direct change of NO INHERIT of not-null constraints
21ac38f498b3 Fix inconsistencies in error messages
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/202405110940.joxlqcx4dogd@alvherre.pgsql
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This addresses a few problems with commit e5da0fe3c22 ("Catalog domain
not-null constraints").
In CREATE DOMAIN, a NOT NULL constraint looks like
CREATE DOMAIN d1 AS int [ CONSTRAINT conname ] NOT NULL
(Before e5da0fe3c22, the constraint name was accepted but ignored.)
But in ALTER DOMAIN, a NOT NULL constraint looks like
ALTER DOMAIN d1 ADD [ CONSTRAINT conname ] NOT NULL VALUE
where VALUE is where for a table constraint the column name would be.
(This works as of e5da0fe3c22. Before e5da0fe3c22, this syntax
resulted in an internal error.)
But for domains, this latter syntax is confusing and needlessly
inconsistent between CREATE and ALTER. So this changes it to just
ALTER DOMAIN d1 ADD [ CONSTRAINT conname ] NOT NULL
(None of these syntaxes are per SQL standard; we are just living with
the bits of inconsistency that have built up over time.)
In passing, this also changes the psql \dD output to not show not-null
constraints in the column "Check", since it's already shown in the
column "Nullable". This has also been off since e5da0fe3c22.
Reviewed-by: jian he <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/9ec24d7b-633d-463a-84c6-7acff769c9e8%40eisentraut.org
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A NESTED path allows to extract data from nested levels of JSON
objects given by the parent path expression, which are projected as
columns specified using a nested COLUMNS clause, just like the parent
COLUMNS clause. Rows comprised from a NESTED columns are "joined"
to the row comprised from the parent columns. If a particular NESTED
path evaluates to 0 rows, then the nested COLUMNS will emit NULLs,
making it an OUTER join.
NESTED columns themselves may include NESTED paths to allow
extracting data from arbitrary nesting levels, which are likewise
joined against the rows at the parent level.
Multiple NESTED paths at a given level are called "sibling" paths
and their rows are combined by UNIONing them, that is, after being
joined against the parent row as described above.
Author: Nikita Glukhov <n.gluhov@postgrespro.ru>
Author: Teodor Sigaev <teodor@sigaev.ru>
Author: Oleg Bartunov <obartunov@gmail.com>
Author: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov@gmail.com>
Author: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net>
Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com>
Author: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Reviewers have included (in no particular order):
Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup,
Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson,
Justin Pryzby, Álvaro Herrera, Jian He
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220616233130.rparivafipt6doj3@alap3.anarazel.de
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/abd9b83b-aa66-f230-3d6d-734817f0995d%40postgresql.org
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqE4XTdfb1nW=Ojoy_tQSRhYt-q_kb6i5d4xcKyrLC1Nbg@mail.gmail.com
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This new DDL command splits a single partition into several parititions.
Just like ALTER TABLE ... MERGE PARTITIONS ... command, new patitions are
created using createPartitionTable() function with parent partition as the
template.
This commit comprises quite naive implementation which works in single process
and holds the ACCESS EXCLUSIVE LOCK on the parent table during all the
operations including the tuple routing. This is why this new DDL command
can't be recommended for large partitioned tables under a high load. However,
this implementation come in handy in certain cases even as is.
Also, it could be used as a foundation for future implementations with lesser
locking and possibly parallel.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/c73a1746-0cd0-6bdd-6b23-3ae0b7c0c582%40postgrespro.ru
Author: Dmitry Koval
Reviewed-by: Matthias van de Meent, Laurenz Albe, Zhihong Yu, Justin Pryzby
Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera, Robert Haas, Stephane Tachoires
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This new DDL command merges several partitions into the one partition of the
target table. The target partition is created using new
createPartitionTable() function with parent partition as the template.
This commit comprises quite naive implementation which works in single process
and holds the ACCESS EXCLUSIVE LOCK on the parent table during all the
operations including the tuple routing. This is why this new DDL command
can't be recommended for large partitioned tables under a high load. However,
this implementation come in handy in certain cases even as is.
Also, it could be used as a foundation for future implementations with lesser
locking and possibly parallel.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/c73a1746-0cd0-6bdd-6b23-3ae0b7c0c582%40postgrespro.ru
Author: Dmitry Koval
Reviewed-by: Matthias van de Meent, Laurenz Albe, Zhihong Yu, Justin Pryzby
Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera, Robert Haas, Stephane Tachoires
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JSON_TABLE() allows JSON data to be converted into a relational view
and thus used, for example, in a FROM clause, like other tabular
data. Data to show in the view is selected from a source JSON object
using a JSON path expression to get a sequence of JSON objects that's
called a "row pattern", which becomes the source to compute the
SQL/JSON values that populate the view's output columns. Column
values themselves are computed using JSON path expressions applied to
each of the JSON objects comprising the "row pattern", for which the
SQL/JSON query functions added in 6185c9737cf4 are used.
To implement JSON_TABLE() as a table function, this augments the
TableFunc and TableFuncScanState nodes that are currently used to
support XMLTABLE() with some JSON_TABLE()-specific fields.
Note that the JSON_TABLE() spec includes NESTED COLUMNS and PLAN
clauses, which are required to provide more flexibility to extract
data out of nested JSON objects, but they are not implemented here
to keep this commit of manageable size.
Author: Nikita Glukhov <n.gluhov@postgrespro.ru>
Author: Teodor Sigaev <teodor@sigaev.ru>
Author: Oleg Bartunov <obartunov@gmail.com>
Author: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov@gmail.com>
Author: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net>
Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com>
Author: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Reviewers have included (in no particular order):
Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup,
Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson,
Justin Pryzby, Álvaro Herrera, Jian He
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220616233130.rparivafipt6doj3@alap3.anarazel.de
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/abd9b83b-aa66-f230-3d6d-734817f0995d%40postgresql.org
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqE4XTdfb1nW=Ojoy_tQSRhYt-q_kb6i5d4xcKyrLC1Nbg@mail.gmail.com
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This commit adds a new COPY option LOG_VERBOSITY, which controls the
amount of messages emitted during processing. Valid values are
'default' and 'verbose'.
This is currently used in COPY FROM when ON_ERROR option is set to
ignore. If 'verbose' is specified, a NOTICE message is emitted for
each discarded row, providing additional information such as line
number, column name, and the malformed value. This helps users to
identify problematic rows that failed to load.
Author: Bharath Rupireddy
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier, Atsushi Torikoshi, Masahiko Sawada
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CALj2ACUk700cYhx1ATRQyRw-fBM%2BaRo6auRAitKGff7XNmYfqQ%40mail.gmail.com
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This allows MERGE commands to include WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE
actions, which operate on rows that exist in the target relation, but
not in the data source. These actions can execute UPDATE, DELETE, or
DO NOTHING sub-commands.
This is in contrast to already-supported WHEN NOT MATCHED actions,
which operate on rows that exist in the data source, but not in the
target relation. To make this distinction clearer, such actions may
now be written as WHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET.
Writing WHEN NOT MATCHED without specifying BY SOURCE or BY TARGET is
equivalent to writing WHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET.
Dean Rasheed, reviewed by Alvaro Herrera, Ted Yu and Vik Fearing.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEZATCWqnKGc57Y_JanUBHQXNKcXd7r=0R4NEZUVwP+syRkWbA@mail.gmail.com
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Add PERIOD clause to foreign key constraint definitions. This is
supported for range and multirange types. Temporal foreign keys check
for range containment instead of equality.
This feature matches the behavior of the SQL standard temporal foreign
keys, but it works on PostgreSQL's native ranges instead of SQL's
"periods", which don't exist in PostgreSQL (yet).
Reference actions ON {UPDATE,DELETE} {CASCADE,SET NULL,SET DEFAULT}
are not supported yet.
Author: Paul A. Jungwirth <pj@illuminatedcomputing.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Reviewed-by: jian he <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CA+renyUApHgSZF9-nd-a0+OPGharLQLO=mDHcY4_qQ0+noCUVg@mail.gmail.com
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This introduces the following SQL/JSON functions for querying JSON
data using jsonpath expressions:
JSON_EXISTS(), which can be used to apply a jsonpath expression to a
JSON value to check if it yields any values.
JSON_QUERY(), which can be used to to apply a jsonpath expression to
a JSON value to get a JSON object, an array, or a string. There are
various options to control whether multi-value result uses array
wrappers and whether the singleton scalar strings are quoted or not.
JSON_VALUE(), which can be used to apply a jsonpath expression to a
JSON value to return a single scalar value, producing an error if it
multiple values are matched.
Both JSON_VALUE() and JSON_QUERY() functions have options for
handling EMPTY and ERROR conditions, which can be used to specify
the behavior when no values are matched and when an error occurs
during jsonpath evaluation, respectively.
Author: Nikita Glukhov <n.gluhov@postgrespro.ru>
Author: Teodor Sigaev <teodor@sigaev.ru>
Author: Oleg Bartunov <obartunov@gmail.com>
Author: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov@gmail.com>
Author: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net>
Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com>
Author: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Author: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Reviewers have included (in no particular order):
Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup,
Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson,
Justin Pryzby, Álvaro Herrera, Jian He, Anton A. Melnikov,
Nikita Malakhov, Peter Eisentraut, Tomas Vondra
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220616233130.rparivafipt6doj3@alap3.anarazel.de
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/abd9b83b-aa66-f230-3d6d-734817f0995d%40postgresql.org
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqHROpf9e644D8BRqYvaAPmgBZVup-xKMDPk-nd4EpgzHw@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqE4XTdfb1nW=Ojoy_tQSRhYt-q_kb6i5d4xcKyrLC1Nbg@mail.gmail.com
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This allows a RETURNING clause to be appended to a MERGE query, to
return values based on each row inserted, updated, or deleted. As with
plain INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE commands, the returned values are
based on the new contents of the target table for INSERT and UPDATE
actions, and on its old contents for DELETE actions. Values from the
source relation may also be returned.
As with INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE, the output of MERGE ... RETURNING may be
used as the source relation for other operations such as WITH queries
and COPY commands.
Additionally, a special function merge_action() is provided, which
returns 'INSERT', 'UPDATE', or 'DELETE', depending on the action
executed for each row. The merge_action() function can be used
anywhere in the RETURNING list, including in arbitrary expressions and
subqueries, but it is an error to use it anywhere outside of a MERGE
query's RETURNING list.
Dean Rasheed, reviewed by Isaac Morland, Vik Fearing, Alvaro Herrera,
Gurjeet Singh, Jian He, Jeff Davis, Merlin Moncure, Peter Eisentraut,
and Wolfgang Walther.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAEZATCWePEGQR5LBn-vD6SfeLZafzEm2Qy_L_Oky2=qw2w3Pzg@mail.gmail.com
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To match attstattarget change (commit 4f622503d6d). The logic inside
CreateStatistics() is clarified a bit compared to that previous patch,
and so here we also update ATExecSetStatistics() to match.
Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/4da8d211-d54d-44b9-9847-f2a9f1184c76@eisentraut.org
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