Allow SSL configuration to be updated at SIGHUP.

It is no longer necessary to restart the server to enable, disable,
or reconfigure SSL.  Instead, we just create a new SSL_CTX struct
(by re-reading all relevant files) whenever we get SIGHUP.  Testing
shows that this is fast enough that it shouldn't be a problem.

In conjunction with that, downgrade the logic that complains about
pg_hba.conf "hostssl" lines when SSL isn't active: now that's just
a warning condition not an error.

An issue that still needs to be addressed is what shall we do with
passphrase-protected server keys?  As this stands, the server would
demand the passphrase again on every SIGHUP, which is certainly
impractical.  But the case was only barely supported before, so that
does not seem a sufficient reason to hold up committing this patch.

Andreas Karlsson, reviewed by Michael Banck and Michael Paquier

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/556A6E8A.9030400@proxel.se

10 files changed, 334 insertions, 196 deletions

diff --git a/src/backend/libpq/auth.c b/src/backend/libpq/auth.c
index 72306e639cd..da7ae16d502 100644
--- a/src/backend/libpq/auth.c
+++ b/src/backend/libpq/auth.c
@@ -348,28 +348,22 @@ ClientAuthentication(Port *port)
 	 */
 	if (port->hba->clientcert)
 	{
+		/* If we haven't loaded a root certificate store, fail */
+		if (!secure_loaded_verify_locations())
+			ereport(FATAL,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+					 errmsg("client certificates can only be checked if a root certificate store is available")));
+
 		/*
-		 * When we parse pg_hba.conf, we have already made sure that we have
-		 * been able to load a certificate store. Thus, if a certificate is
-		 * present on the client, it has been verified against our root
+		 * If we loaded a root certificate store, and if a certificate is
+		 * present on the client, then it has been verified against our root
 		 * certificate store, and the connection would have been aborted
 		 * already if it didn't verify ok.
 		 */
-#ifdef USE_SSL
 		if (!port->peer_cert_valid)
-		{
 			ereport(FATAL,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
 				  errmsg("connection requires a valid client certificate")));
-		}
-#else
-
-		/*
-		 * hba.c makes sure hba->clientcert can't be set unless OpenSSL is
-		 * present.
-		 */
-		Assert(false);
-#endif
 	}
 
 	/*
diff --git a/src/backend/libpq/be-secure-openssl.c b/src/backend/libpq/be-secure-openssl.c
index 668f217bba0..4a39d7f7467 100644
--- a/src/backend/libpq/be-secure-openssl.c
+++ b/src/backend/libpq/be-secure-openssl.c
@@ -77,12 +77,13 @@ static DH  *generate_dh_parameters(int prime_len, int generator);
 static DH  *tmp_dh_cb(SSL *s, int is_export, int keylength);
 static int	verify_cb(int, X509_STORE_CTX *);
 static void info_cb(const SSL *ssl, int type, int args);
-static void initialize_ecdh(void);
+static bool initialize_ecdh(SSL_CTX *context, bool failOnError);
 static const char *SSLerrmessage(unsigned long ecode);
 
 static char *X509_NAME_to_cstring(X509_NAME *name);
 
 static SSL_CTX *SSL_context = NULL;
+static bool SSL_initialized = false;
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
 /*						 Hardcoded values						*/
@@ -156,15 +157,20 @@ KWbuHn491xNO25CQWMtem80uKw+pTnisBRF/454n1Jnhub144YRBoN8CAQI=\n\
 
 /*
  *	Initialize global SSL context.
+ *
+ * If failOnError is true, report any errors as FATAL (so we don't return).
+ * Otherwise, log errors at LOG level and return -1 to indicate trouble.
+ * Returns 0 if OK.
  */
-void
-be_tls_init(void)
+int
+be_tls_init(bool failOnError)
 {
-	struct stat buf;
-
 	STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *root_cert_list = NULL;
+	SSL_CTX    *context;
+	struct stat buf;
 
-	if (!SSL_context)
+	/* This stuff need be done only once. */
+	if (!SSL_initialized)
 	{
 #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL_INIT_SSL
 		OPENSSL_init_ssl(OPENSSL_INIT_LOAD_CONFIG, NULL);
@@ -173,121 +179,157 @@ be_tls_init(void)
 		SSL_library_init();
 		SSL_load_error_strings();
 #endif
+		SSL_initialized = true;
+	}
 
-		/*
-		 * We use SSLv23_method() because it can negotiate use of the highest
-		 * mutually supported protocol version, while alternatives like
-		 * TLSv1_2_method() permit only one specific version.  Note that we
-		 * don't actually allow SSL v2 or v3, only TLS protocols (see below).
-		 */
-		SSL_context = SSL_CTX_new(SSLv23_method());
-		if (!SSL_context)
-			ereport(FATAL,
-					(errmsg("could not create SSL context: %s",
-							SSLerrmessage(ERR_get_error()))));
+	/*
+	 * We use SSLv23_method() because it can negotiate use of the highest
+	 * mutually supported protocol version, while alternatives like
+	 * TLSv1_2_method() permit only one specific version.  Note that we don't
+	 * actually allow SSL v2 or v3, only TLS protocols (see below).
+	 */
+	context = SSL_CTX_new(SSLv23_method());
+	if (!context)
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errmsg("could not create SSL context: %s",
+						SSLerrmessage(ERR_get_error()))));
+		goto error;
+	}
 
-		/*
-		 * Disable OpenSSL's moving-write-buffer sanity check, because it
-		 * causes unnecessary failures in nonblocking send cases.
-		 */
-		SSL_CTX_set_mode(SSL_context, SSL_MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER);
+	/*
+	 * Disable OpenSSL's moving-write-buffer sanity check, because it causes
+	 * unnecessary failures in nonblocking send cases.
+	 */
+	SSL_CTX_set_mode(context, SSL_MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER);
 
-		/*
-		 * Load and verify server's certificate and private key
-		 */
-		if (SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(SSL_context,
-											   ssl_cert_file) != 1)
-			ereport(FATAL,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
-				  errmsg("could not load server certificate file \"%s\": %s",
-						 ssl_cert_file, SSLerrmessage(ERR_get_error()))));
+	/*
+	 * Load and verify server's certificate and private key
+	 */
+	if (SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(context, ssl_cert_file) != 1)
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+				 errmsg("could not load server certificate file \"%s\": %s",
+						ssl_cert_file, SSLerrmessage(ERR_get_error()))));
+		goto error;
+	}
 
-		if (stat(ssl_key_file, &buf) != 0)
-			ereport(FATAL,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not access private key file \"%s\": %m",
-							ssl_key_file)));
+	if (stat(ssl_key_file, &buf) != 0)
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("could not access private key file \"%s\": %m",
+						ssl_key_file)));
+		goto error;
+	}
 
-		if (!S_ISREG(buf.st_mode))
-			ereport(FATAL,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
-					 errmsg("private key file \"%s\" is not a regular file",
-							ssl_key_file)));
+	if (!S_ISREG(buf.st_mode))
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+				 errmsg("private key file \"%s\" is not a regular file",
+						ssl_key_file)));
+		goto error;
+	}
 
-		/*
-		 * Refuse to load files owned by users other than us or root.
-		 *
-		 * XXX surely we can check this on Windows somehow, too.
-		 */
+	/*
+	 * Refuse to load files owned by users other than us or root.
+	 *
+	 * XXX surely we can check this on Windows somehow, too.
+	 */
 #if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
-		if (buf.st_uid != geteuid() && buf.st_uid != 0)
-			ereport(FATAL,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
-					 errmsg("private key file \"%s\" must be owned by the database user or root",
-							ssl_key_file)));
+	if (buf.st_uid != geteuid() && buf.st_uid != 0)
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+				 errmsg("private key file \"%s\" must be owned by the database user or root",
+						ssl_key_file)));
+		goto error;
+	}
 #endif
 
-		/*
-		 * Require no public access to key file. If the file is owned by us,
-		 * require mode 0600 or less. If owned by root, require 0640 or less
-		 * to allow read access through our gid, or a supplementary gid that
-		 * allows to read system-wide certificates.
-		 *
-		 * XXX temporarily suppress check when on Windows, because there may
-		 * not be proper support for Unix-y file permissions.  Need to think
-		 * of a reasonable check to apply on Windows.  (See also the data
-		 * directory permission check in postmaster.c)
-		 */
+	/*
+	 * Require no public access to key file. If the file is owned by us,
+	 * require mode 0600 or less. If owned by root, require 0640 or less to
+	 * allow read access through our gid, or a supplementary gid that allows
+	 * to read system-wide certificates.
+	 *
+	 * XXX temporarily suppress check when on Windows, because there may not
+	 * be proper support for Unix-y file permissions.  Need to think of a
+	 * reasonable check to apply on Windows.  (See also the data directory
+	 * permission check in postmaster.c)
+	 */
 #if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
-		if ((buf.st_uid == geteuid() && buf.st_mode & (S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO)) ||
-			(buf.st_uid == 0 && buf.st_mode & (S_IWGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IRWXO)))
-			ereport(FATAL,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
-				  errmsg("private key file \"%s\" has group or world access",
-						 ssl_key_file),
-					 errdetail("File must have permissions u=rw (0600) or less if owned by the database user, or permissions u=rw,g=r (0640) or less if owned by root.")));
+	if ((buf.st_uid == geteuid() && buf.st_mode & (S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO)) ||
+		(buf.st_uid == 0 && buf.st_mode & (S_IWGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IRWXO)))
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+				 errmsg("private key file \"%s\" has group or world access",
+						ssl_key_file),
+				 errdetail("File must have permissions u=rw (0600) or less if owned by the database user, or permissions u=rw,g=r (0640) or less if owned by root.")));
+		goto error;
+	}
 #endif
 
-		if (SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(SSL_context,
-										ssl_key_file,
-										SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) != 1)
-			ereport(FATAL,
-					(errmsg("could not load private key file \"%s\": %s",
-							ssl_key_file, SSLerrmessage(ERR_get_error()))));
-
-		if (SSL_CTX_check_private_key(SSL_context) != 1)
-			ereport(FATAL,
-					(errmsg("check of private key failed: %s",
-							SSLerrmessage(ERR_get_error()))));
+	if (SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(context,
+									ssl_key_file,
+									SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) != 1)
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+				 errmsg("could not load private key file \"%s\": %s",
+						ssl_key_file, SSLerrmessage(ERR_get_error()))));
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	if (SSL_CTX_check_private_key(context) != 1)
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+				 errmsg("check of private key failed: %s",
+						SSLerrmessage(ERR_get_error()))));
+		goto error;
 	}
 
 	/* set up ephemeral DH keys, and disallow SSL v2/v3 while at it */
-	SSL_CTX_set_tmp_dh_callback(SSL_context, tmp_dh_cb);
-	SSL_CTX_set_options(SSL_context,
+	SSL_CTX_set_tmp_dh_callback(context, tmp_dh_cb);
+	SSL_CTX_set_options(context,
 						SSL_OP_SINGLE_DH_USE |
 						SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2 | SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3);
 
 	/* set up ephemeral ECDH keys */
-	initialize_ecdh();
+	if (!initialize_ecdh(context, failOnError))
+		goto error;
 
 	/* set up the allowed cipher list */
-	if (SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(SSL_context, SSLCipherSuites) != 1)
-		elog(FATAL, "could not set the cipher list (no valid ciphers available)");
+	if (SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(context, SSLCipherSuites) != 1)
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+				 errmsg("could not set the cipher list (no valid ciphers available)")));
+		goto error;
+	}
 
 	/* Let server choose order */
 	if (SSLPreferServerCiphers)
-		SSL_CTX_set_options(SSL_context, SSL_OP_CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE);
+		SSL_CTX_set_options(context, SSL_OP_CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE);
 
 	/*
 	 * Load CA store, so we can verify client certificates if needed.
 	 */
 	if (ssl_ca_file[0])
 	{
-		if (SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(SSL_context, ssl_ca_file, NULL) != 1 ||
+		if (SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(context, ssl_ca_file, NULL) != 1 ||
 			(root_cert_list = SSL_load_client_CA_file(ssl_ca_file)) == NULL)
-			ereport(FATAL,
-					(errmsg("could not load root certificate file \"%s\": %s",
+		{
+			ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+					 errmsg("could not load root certificate file \"%s\": %s",
 							ssl_ca_file, SSLerrmessage(ERR_get_error()))));
+			goto error;
+		}
 	}
 
 	/*----------
@@ -297,7 +339,7 @@ be_tls_init(void)
 	 */
 	if (ssl_crl_file[0])
 	{
-		X509_STORE *cvstore = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(SSL_context);
+		X509_STORE *cvstore = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(context);
 
 		if (cvstore)
 		{
@@ -310,15 +352,20 @@ be_tls_init(void)
 						  X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK | X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK_ALL);
 #else
 				ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("SSL certificate revocation list file \"%s\" ignored",
-						ssl_crl_file),
-				 errdetail("SSL library does not support certificate revocation lists.")));
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+				errmsg("SSL certificate revocation list file \"%s\" ignored",
+					   ssl_crl_file),
+						 errdetail("SSL library does not support certificate revocation lists.")));
 #endif
 			}
 			else
-				ereport(FATAL,
-						(errmsg("could not load SSL certificate revocation list file \"%s\": %s",
+			{
+				ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+						 errmsg("could not load SSL certificate revocation list file \"%s\": %s",
 							 ssl_crl_file, SSLerrmessage(ERR_get_error()))));
+				goto error;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -329,21 +376,53 @@ be_tls_init(void)
 		 * presented.  We might fail such connections later, depending on what
 		 * we find in pg_hba.conf.
 		 */
-		SSL_CTX_set_verify(SSL_context,
+		SSL_CTX_set_verify(context,
 						   (SSL_VERIFY_PEER |
 							SSL_VERIFY_CLIENT_ONCE),
 						   verify_cb);
 
-		/* Set flag to remember CA store is successfully loaded */
-		ssl_loaded_verify_locations = true;
-
 		/*
 		 * Tell OpenSSL to send the list of root certs we trust to clients in
 		 * CertificateRequests.  This lets a client with a keystore select the
 		 * appropriate client certificate to send to us.
 		 */
-		SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list(SSL_context, root_cert_list);
+		SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list(context, root_cert_list);
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Success!  Replace any existing SSL_context.
+	 */
+	if (SSL_context)
+		SSL_CTX_free(SSL_context);
+
+	SSL_context = context;
+
+	/*
+	 * Set flag to remember whether CA store has been loaded into SSL_context.
+	 */
+	if (ssl_ca_file[0])
+		ssl_loaded_verify_locations = true;
+	else
+		ssl_loaded_verify_locations = false;
+
+	return 0;
+
+error:
+	if (context)
+		SSL_CTX_free(context);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ *	Destroy global SSL context, if any.
+ */
+void
+be_tls_destroy(void)
+{
+	if (SSL_context)
+		SSL_CTX_free(SSL_context);
+	SSL_context = NULL;
+	ssl_loaded_verify_locations = false;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -360,6 +439,14 @@ be_tls_open_server(Port *port)
 	Assert(!port->ssl);
 	Assert(!port->peer);
 
+	if (!SSL_context)
+	{
+		ereport(COMMERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_PROTOCOL_VIOLATION),
+				 errmsg("could not initialize SSL connection: SSL context not set up")));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
 	if (!(port->ssl = SSL_new(SSL_context)))
 	{
 		ereport(COMMERROR,
@@ -743,7 +830,7 @@ my_BIO_s_socket(void)
 			!BIO_meth_set_puts(my_bio_methods, BIO_meth_get_puts(biom)) ||
 			!BIO_meth_set_ctrl(my_bio_methods, BIO_meth_get_ctrl(biom)) ||
 			!BIO_meth_set_create(my_bio_methods, BIO_meth_get_create(biom)) ||
-			!BIO_meth_set_destroy(my_bio_methods, BIO_meth_get_destroy(biom)) ||
+		 !BIO_meth_set_destroy(my_bio_methods, BIO_meth_get_destroy(biom)) ||
 			!BIO_meth_set_callback_ctrl(my_bio_methods, BIO_meth_get_callback_ctrl(biom)))
 		{
 			BIO_meth_free(my_bio_methods);
@@ -1034,8 +1121,8 @@ info_cb(const SSL *ssl, int type, int args)
 	}
 }
 
-static void
-initialize_ecdh(void)
+static bool
+initialize_ecdh(SSL_CTX *context, bool failOnError)
 {
 #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ECDH
 	EC_KEY	   *ecdh;
@@ -1043,18 +1130,28 @@ initialize_ecdh(void)
 
 	nid = OBJ_sn2nid(SSLECDHCurve);
 	if (!nid)
-		ereport(FATAL,
-				(errmsg("ECDH: unrecognized curve name: %s", SSLECDHCurve)));
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+				 errmsg("ECDH: unrecognized curve name: %s", SSLECDHCurve)));
+		return false;
+	}
 
 	ecdh = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(nid);
 	if (!ecdh)
-		ereport(FATAL,
-				(errmsg("ECDH: could not create key")));
+	{
+		ereport(failOnError ? FATAL : LOG,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
+				 errmsg("ECDH: could not create key")));
+		return false;
+	}
 
-	SSL_CTX_set_options(SSL_context, SSL_OP_SINGLE_ECDH_USE);
-	SSL_CTX_set_tmp_ecdh(SSL_context, ecdh);
+	SSL_CTX_set_options(context, SSL_OP_SINGLE_ECDH_USE);
+	SSL_CTX_set_tmp_ecdh(context, ecdh);
 	EC_KEY_free(ecdh);
 #endif
+
+	return true;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/libpq/be-secure.c b/src/backend/libpq/be-secure.c
index b267507de9a..4a6a0d6f589 100644
--- a/src/backend/libpq/be-secure.c
+++ b/src/backend/libpq/be-secure.c
@@ -63,16 +63,31 @@ bool		SSLPreferServerCiphers;
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
 /*
- *	Initialize global context
+ *	Initialize global context.
+ *
+ * If failOnError is true, report any errors as FATAL (so we don't return).
+ * Otherwise, log errors at LOG level and return -1 to indicate trouble.
+ * Returns 0 if OK.
  */
 int
-secure_initialize(void)
+secure_initialize(bool failOnError)
 {
 #ifdef USE_SSL
-	be_tls_init();
+	return be_tls_init(failOnError);
+#else
+	return 0;
 #endif
+}
 
-	return 0;
+/*
+ *	Destroy global context, if any.
+ */
+void
+secure_destroy(void)
+{
+#ifdef USE_SSL
+	be_tls_destroy();
+#endif
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/libpq/hba.c b/src/backend/libpq/hba.c
index f1e9a38c92e..5b644d64527 100644
--- a/src/backend/libpq/hba.c
+++ b/src/backend/libpq/hba.c
@@ -870,28 +870,23 @@ parse_hba_line(List *line, int line_num, char *raw_line)
 
 		if (token->string[4] == 's')	/* "hostssl" */
 		{
-			/* SSL support must be actually active, else complain */
+			parsedline->conntype = ctHostSSL;
+			/* Log a warning if SSL support is not active */
 #ifdef USE_SSL
-			if (EnableSSL)
-				parsedline->conntype = ctHostSSL;
-			else
-			{
+			if (!EnableSSL)
 				ereport(LOG,
 						(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
-						 errmsg("hostssl requires SSL to be turned on"),
+				errmsg("hostssl record cannot match because SSL is disabled"),
 						 errhint("Set ssl = on in postgresql.conf."),
 						 errcontext("line %d of configuration file \"%s\"",
 									line_num, HbaFileName)));
-				return NULL;
-			}
 #else
 			ereport(LOG,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
-					 errmsg("hostssl is not supported by this build"),
+					 errmsg("hostssl record cannot match because SSL is not supported by this build"),
 			  errhint("Compile with --with-openssl to use SSL connections."),
 					 errcontext("line %d of configuration file \"%s\"",
 								line_num, HbaFileName)));
-			return NULL;
 #endif
 		}
 		else if (token->string[4] == 'n')		/* "hostnossl" */
@@ -1417,10 +1412,6 @@ parse_hba_auth_opt(char *name, char *val, HbaLine *hbaline, int line_num)
 	}
 	else if (strcmp(name, "clientcert") == 0)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Since we require ctHostSSL, this really can never happen on
-		 * non-SSL-enabled builds, so don't bother checking for USE_SSL.
-		 */
 		if (hbaline->conntype != ctHostSSL)
 		{
 			ereport(LOG,
@@ -1432,16 +1423,6 @@ parse_hba_auth_opt(char *name, char *val, HbaLine *hbaline, int line_num)
 		}
 		if (strcmp(val, "1") == 0)
 		{
-			if (!secure_loaded_verify_locations())
-			{
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR),
-						 errmsg("client certificates can only be checked if a root certificate store is available"),
-						 errhint("Make sure the configuration parameter \"%s\" is set.", "ssl_ca_file"),
-						 errcontext("line %d of configuration file \"%s\"",
-									line_num, HbaFileName)));
-				return false;
-			}
 			hbaline->clientcert = true;
 		}
 		else
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
index 535f6c4e5a0..02e6bb9dbdc 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
@@ -368,6 +368,11 @@ static unsigned int random_seed = 0;
 static struct timeval random_start_time;
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_SSL
+/* Set when and if SSL has been initialized properly */
+static bool LoadedSSL = false;
+#endif
+
 #ifdef USE_BONJOUR
 static DNSServiceRef bonjour_sdref = NULL;
 #endif
@@ -930,7 +935,10 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 */
 #ifdef USE_SSL
 	if (EnableSSL)
-		secure_initialize();
+	{
+		(void) secure_initialize(true);
+		LoadedSSL = true;
+	}
 #endif
 
 	/*
@@ -1961,7 +1969,7 @@ ProcessStartupPacket(Port *port, bool SSLdone)
 
 #ifdef USE_SSL
 		/* No SSL when disabled or on Unix sockets */
-		if (!EnableSSL || IS_AF_UNIX(port->laddr.addr.ss_family))
+		if (!LoadedSSL || IS_AF_UNIX(port->laddr.addr.ss_family))
 			SSLok = 'N';
 		else
 			SSLok = 'S';		/* Support for SSL */
@@ -2498,13 +2506,30 @@ SIGHUP_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 
 		/* Reload authentication config files too */
 		if (!load_hba())
-			ereport(WARNING,
+			ereport(LOG,
 					(errmsg("pg_hba.conf not reloaded")));
 
 		if (!load_ident())
-			ereport(WARNING,
+			ereport(LOG,
 					(errmsg("pg_ident.conf not reloaded")));
 
+#ifdef USE_SSL
+		/* Reload SSL configuration as well */
+		if (EnableSSL)
+		{
+			if (secure_initialize(false) == 0)
+				LoadedSSL = true;
+			else
+				ereport(LOG,
+						(errmsg("SSL context not reloaded")));
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			secure_destroy();
+			LoadedSSL = false;
+		}
+#endif
+
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 		/* Update the starting-point file for future children */
 		write_nondefault_variables(PGC_SIGHUP);
@@ -4733,12 +4758,22 @@ SubPostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 		 * context structures contain function pointers and cannot be passed
 		 * through the parameter file.
 		 *
+		 * If for some reason reload fails (maybe the user installed broken
+		 * key files), soldier on without SSL; that's better than all
+		 * connections becoming impossible.
+		 *
 		 * XXX should we do this in all child processes?  For the moment it's
 		 * enough to do it in backend children.
 		 */
 #ifdef USE_SSL
 		if (EnableSSL)
-			secure_initialize();
+		{
+			if (secure_initialize(false) == 0)
+				LoadedSSL = true;
+			else
+				ereport(LOG,
+						(errmsg("SSL context could not be reloaded in child process")));
+		}
 #endif
 
 		/*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
index 946ba9e73eb..a5963b3d55a 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
@@ -934,7 +934,7 @@ static struct config_bool ConfigureNamesBool[] =
 		NULL, NULL, NULL
 	},
 	{
-		{"ssl", PGC_POSTMASTER, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
+		{"ssl", PGC_SIGHUP, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
 			gettext_noop("Enables SSL connections."),
 			NULL
 		},
@@ -943,7 +943,7 @@ static struct config_bool ConfigureNamesBool[] =
 		check_ssl, NULL, NULL
 	},
 	{
-		{"ssl_prefer_server_ciphers", PGC_POSTMASTER, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
+		{"ssl_prefer_server_ciphers", PGC_SIGHUP, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
 			gettext_noop("Give priority to server ciphersuite order."),
 			NULL
 		},
@@ -2304,7 +2304,7 @@ static struct config_int ConfigureNamesInt[] =
 			GUC_UNIT_XBLOCKS
 		},
 		&WalWriterFlushAfter,
-		(1024*1024) / XLOG_BLCKSZ, 0, INT_MAX,
+		(1024 * 1024) / XLOG_BLCKSZ, 0, INT_MAX,
 		NULL, NULL, NULL
 	},
 
@@ -3435,7 +3435,7 @@ static struct config_string ConfigureNamesString[] =
 	},
 
 	{
-		{"ssl_cert_file", PGC_POSTMASTER, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
+		{"ssl_cert_file", PGC_SIGHUP, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
 			gettext_noop("Location of the SSL server certificate file."),
 			NULL
 		},
@@ -3445,7 +3445,7 @@ static struct config_string ConfigureNamesString[] =
 	},
 
 	{
-		{"ssl_key_file", PGC_POSTMASTER, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
+		{"ssl_key_file", PGC_SIGHUP, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
 			gettext_noop("Location of the SSL server private key file."),
 			NULL
 		},
@@ -3455,7 +3455,7 @@ static struct config_string ConfigureNamesString[] =
 	},
 
 	{
-		{"ssl_ca_file", PGC_POSTMASTER, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
+		{"ssl_ca_file", PGC_SIGHUP, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
 			gettext_noop("Location of the SSL certificate authority file."),
 			NULL
 		},
@@ -3465,7 +3465,7 @@ static struct config_string ConfigureNamesString[] =
 	},
 
 	{
-		{"ssl_crl_file", PGC_POSTMASTER, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
+		{"ssl_crl_file", PGC_SIGHUP, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
 			gettext_noop("Location of the SSL certificate revocation list file."),
 			NULL
 		},
@@ -3507,7 +3507,7 @@ static struct config_string ConfigureNamesString[] =
 	},
 
 	{
-		{"ssl_ciphers", PGC_POSTMASTER, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
+		{"ssl_ciphers", PGC_SIGHUP, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
 			gettext_noop("Sets the list of allowed SSL ciphers."),
 			NULL,
 			GUC_SUPERUSER_ONLY
@@ -3522,7 +3522,7 @@ static struct config_string ConfigureNamesString[] =
 	},
 
 	{
-		{"ssl_ecdh_curve", PGC_POSTMASTER, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
+		{"ssl_ecdh_curve", PGC_SIGHUP, CONN_AUTH_SECURITY,
 			gettext_noop("Sets the curve to use for ECDH."),
 			NULL,
 			GUC_SUPERUSER_ONLY
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
index ee8232f2f40..b3f29610d07 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
@@ -76,15 +76,14 @@
 # - Security and Authentication -
 
 #authentication_timeout = 1min		# 1s-600s
-#ssl = off				# (change requires restart)
+#ssl = off
 #ssl_ciphers = 'HIGH:MEDIUM:+3DES:!aNULL' # allowed SSL ciphers
-					# (change requires restart)
-#ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = on		# (change requires restart)
-#ssl_ecdh_curve = 'prime256v1'		# (change requires restart)
-#ssl_cert_file = 'server.crt'		# (change requires restart)
-#ssl_key_file = 'server.key'		# (change requires restart)
-#ssl_ca_file = ''			# (change requires restart)
-#ssl_crl_file = ''			# (change requires restart)
+#ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = on
+#ssl_ecdh_curve = 'prime256v1'
+#ssl_cert_file = 'server.crt'
+#ssl_key_file = 'server.key'
+#ssl_ca_file = ''
+#ssl_crl_file = ''
 #password_encryption = md5		# md5 or plain
 #db_user_namespace = off
 #row_security = on
diff --git a/src/include/libpq/libpq-be.h b/src/include/libpq/libpq-be.h
index 66647ad0032..5dac9ceb183 100644
--- a/src/include/libpq/libpq-be.h
+++ b/src/include/libpq/libpq-be.h
@@ -199,7 +199,8 @@ typedef struct Port
  * These functions are implemented by the glue code specific to each
  * SSL implementation (e.g. be-secure-openssl.c)
  */
-extern void be_tls_init(void);
+extern int	be_tls_init(bool failOnError);
+extern void be_tls_destroy(void);
 extern int	be_tls_open_server(Port *port);
 extern void be_tls_close(Port *port);
 extern ssize_t be_tls_read(Port *port, void *ptr, size_t len, int *waitfor);
diff --git a/src/include/libpq/libpq.h b/src/include/libpq/libpq.h
index 5fac8171ed8..66ceb2b4a0b 100644
--- a/src/include/libpq/libpq.h
+++ b/src/include/libpq/libpq.h
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ extern char *ssl_key_file;
 extern char *ssl_ca_file;
 extern char *ssl_crl_file;
 
-extern int	secure_initialize(void);
+extern int	secure_initialize(bool failOnError);
 extern bool secure_loaded_verify_locations(void);
 extern void secure_destroy(void);
 extern int	secure_open_server(Port *port);
diff --git a/src/test/ssl/ServerSetup.pm b/src/test/ssl/ServerSetup.pm
index d312880f8b1..20eaf76bffc 100644
--- a/src/test/ssl/ServerSetup.pm
+++ b/src/test/ssl/ServerSetup.pm
@@ -70,7 +70,11 @@ sub configure_test_server_for_ssl
 
 	close CONF;
 
-# Copy all server certificates and keys, and client root cert, to the data dir
+	# ssl configuration will be placed here
+	open SSLCONF, ">$pgdata/sslconfig.conf";
+	close SSLCONF;
+
+	# Copy all server certificates and keys, and client root cert, to the data dir
 	copy_files("ssl/server-*.crt", $pgdata);
 	copy_files("ssl/server-*.key", $pgdata);
 	chmod(0600, glob "$pgdata/server-*.key") or die $!;
@@ -78,25 +82,14 @@ sub configure_test_server_for_ssl
 	copy_files("ssl/root_ca.crt", $pgdata);
 	copy_files("ssl/root+client.crl",    $pgdata);
 
-  # Only accept SSL connections from localhost. Our tests don't depend on this
-  # but seems best to keep it as narrow as possible for security reasons.
-  #
-  # When connecting to certdb, also check the client certificate.
-	open HBA, ">$pgdata/pg_hba.conf";
-	print HBA
-"# TYPE  DATABASE        USER            ADDRESS                 METHOD\n";
-	print HBA
-"hostssl trustdb         ssltestuser     $serverhost/32            trust\n";
-	print HBA
-"hostssl trustdb         ssltestuser     ::1/128                 trust\n";
-	print HBA
-"hostssl certdb          ssltestuser     $serverhost/32            cert\n";
-	print HBA
-"hostssl certdb          ssltestuser     ::1/128                 cert\n";
-	close HBA;
+	# Stop and restart server to load new listen_addresses.
+	$node->restart;
+
+	# Change pg_hba after restart because hostssl requires ssl=on
+	configure_hba_for_ssl($node, $serverhost);
 }
 
-# Change the configuration to use given server cert file, and restart
+# Change the configuration to use given server cert file, and reload
 # the server so that the configuration takes effect.
 sub switch_server_cert
 {
@@ -105,7 +98,7 @@ sub switch_server_cert
 	my $cafile = $_[2] || "root+client_ca";
 	my $pgdata   = $node->data_dir;
 
-	diag "Restarting server with certfile \"$certfile\" and cafile \"$cafile\"...";
+	diag "Reloading server with certfile \"$certfile\" and cafile \"$cafile\"...";
 
 	open SSLCONF, ">$pgdata/sslconfig.conf";
 	print SSLCONF "ssl=on\n";
@@ -115,6 +108,29 @@ sub switch_server_cert
 	print SSLCONF "ssl_crl_file='root+client.crl'\n";
 	close SSLCONF;
 
-	# Stop and restart server to reload the new config.
-	$node->restart;
+	$node->reload;
+}
+
+sub configure_hba_for_ssl
+{
+	my $node       = $_[0];
+	my $serverhost = $_[1];
+	my $pgdata     = $node->data_dir;
+
+	# Only accept SSL connections from localhost. Our tests don't depend on this
+	# but seems best to keep it as narrow as possible for security reasons.
+	#
+	# When connecting to certdb, also check the client certificate.
+	open HBA, ">$pgdata/pg_hba.conf";
+	print HBA
+"# TYPE  DATABASE        USER            ADDRESS                 METHOD\n";
+	print HBA
+"hostssl trustdb         ssltestuser     $serverhost/32            trust\n";
+	print HBA
+"hostssl trustdb         ssltestuser     ::1/128                 trust\n";
+	print HBA
+"hostssl certdb          ssltestuser     $serverhost/32            cert\n";
+	print HBA
+"hostssl certdb          ssltestuser     ::1/128                 cert\n";
+	close HBA;
 }