Changed keepalive_requests default to 1000 (ticket #2155).
It turns out no browsers implement HTTP/2 GOAWAY handling properly, and
large enough number of resources on a page results in failures to load
some resources. In particular, Chrome seems to experience errors if
loading of all resources requires more than 1 connection (while it
is usually able to retry requests at least once, even with 2 connections
there are occasional failures for some reason), Safari if loading requires
more than 3 connections, and Firefox if loading requires more than 10
connections (can be configured with network.http.request.max-attempts,
defaults to 10).
It does not seem to be possible to resolve this on nginx side, even strict
limiting of maximum concurrency does not help, and loading issues seems to
be triggered by merely queueing of a request for a particular connection.
The only available mitigation seems to use higher keepalive_requests value.
The new default is 1000 and matches previously used default for
http2_max_requests. It is expected to be enough for 99.98% of the pages
(https://httparchive.org/reports/state-of-the-web?start=latest#reqTotal)
even in Chrome.
Similar to lingering_time, it limits total connection lifetime before
keepalive is switched off. The default is 1 hour, which is close to
the total maximum connection lifetime possible with default
keepalive_requests and keepalive_timeout.
Firefox uses several idle streams for PRIORITY frames[1], and
"http2_max_concurrent_streams 1;" results in "client sent too many
PRIORITY frames" errors when a connection is established by Firefox.
Fix is to relax the PRIORITY frames limit to use at least 100 as
the initial value (which is the recommended by the HTTP/2 protocol
minimum limit on the number of concurrent streams, so it is not
unreasonable for clients to assume that similar number of idle streams
can be used for prioritization).
Configure: fixed --test-build-epoll on FreeBSD 13.
In FreeBSD 13, eventfd(2) was added, and this breaks build
with --test-build-epoll and without --with-file-aio. Fix is
to move eventfd(2) detection to auto/os/linux, as it is used
only on Linux as a notification mechanism for epoll().
Gzip: updated handling of zlib variant from Intel.
In current versions (all versions based on zlib 1.2.11, at least
since 2018) it no longer uses 64K hash and does not force window
bits to 13 if it is less than 13. That is, it needs just 16 bytes
more memory than normal zlib, so these bytes are simply added to
the normal size calculation.
Maxim Dounin [Sun, 28 Mar 2021 14:45:39 +0000 (17:45 +0300)]
Fixed handling of already closed connections.
In limit_req, auth_delay, and upstream code to check for broken
connections, tests for possible connection close by the client
did not work if the connection was already closed when relevant
event handler was set. This happened because there were no additional
events in case of edge-triggered event methods, and read events
were disabled in case of level-triggered ones.
Fix is to explicitly post a read event if the c->read->ready flag
is set.
Maxim Dounin [Sun, 28 Mar 2021 14:45:35 +0000 (17:45 +0300)]
Upstream: fixed non-buffered proxying with eventport.
For new data to be reported with eventport on Solaris,
ngx_handle_read_event() needs to be called after reading response
headers. To do so, ngx_http_upstream_process_non_buffered_upstream()
now called unconditionally if there are no prepread data. This
won't cause any read() syscalls as long as upstream connection
is not ready for reading (c->read->ready is not set), but will result
in proper handling of all events.
Maxim Dounin [Sun, 28 Mar 2021 14:45:31 +0000 (17:45 +0300)]
Resolver: added missing event handling after reading.
If we need to be notified about further events, ngx_handle_read_event()
needs to be called after a read event is processed. Without this,
an event can be removed from the kernel and won't be reported again,
notably when using oneshot event methods, such as eventport on Solaris.
While here, error handling is also added, similar to one present in
ngx_resolver_tcp_read(). This is not expected to make a difference
and mostly added for consistency.
Maxim Dounin [Sun, 28 Mar 2021 14:45:29 +0000 (17:45 +0300)]
Events: fixed "port_dissociate() failed" alerts with eventport.
If an attempt is made to delete an event which was already reported,
port_dissociate() returns an error. Fix is avoid doing anything if
ev->active is not set.
Possible alternative approach would be to avoid calling ngx_del_event()
at all if ev->active is not set. This approach, however, will require
something else to re-add the other event of the connection, since both
read and write events are dissociated if an event is reported on a file
descriptor. Currently ngx_eventport_del_event() re-associates write
event if called to delete read event, and vice versa.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 25 Mar 2021 22:44:59 +0000 (01:44 +0300)]
Events: fixed expiration of timers in the past.
If, at the start of an event loop iteration, there are any timers
in the past (including timers expiring now), the ngx_process_events()
function is called with zero timeout, and returns immediately even
if there are no events. But the following code only calls
ngx_event_expire_timers() if time actually changed, so this results
in nginx spinning in the event loop till current time changes.
While such timers are not expected to appear under normal conditions,
as all such timers should be removed on previous event loop iterations,
they still can appear due to bugs, zero timeouts set in the configuration
(if this is not explicitly handled by the code), or due to external
time changes on systems without clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC).
Fix is to call ngx_event_expire_timers() unconditionally. Calling
it on each event loop iteration is not expected to be significant from
performance point of view, especially compared to a syscall in
ngx_process_events().
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 25 Mar 2021 22:44:57 +0000 (01:44 +0300)]
HTTP/2: improved handling of "keepalive_timeout 0".
Without explicit handling, a zero timer was actually added, leading to
multiple unneeded syscalls. Further, sending GOAWAY frame early might
be beneficial for clients.
Sergey Kandaurov [Wed, 24 Mar 2021 11:03:33 +0000 (14:03 +0300)]
Cancel keepalive and lingering close on EOF better (ticket #2145).
Unlike in 75e908236701, which added the logic to ngx_http_finalize_request(),
this change moves it to a more generic routine ngx_http_finalize_connection()
to cover cases when a request is finalized with NGX_DONE.
In particular, this fixes unwanted connection transition into the keepalive
state after receiving EOF while discarding request body. With edge-triggered
event methods that means the connection will last for extra seconds as set in
the keepalive_timeout directive.
Maxim Dounin [Tue, 23 Mar 2021 13:52:23 +0000 (16:52 +0300)]
gRPC: fixed handling of padding on DATA frames.
The response size check introduced in 39501ce97e29 did not take into
account possible padding on DATA frames, resulting in incorrect
"upstream sent response body larger than indicated content length" errors
if upstream server used padding in responses with known length.
Fix is to check the actual size of response buffers produced by the code,
similarly to how it is done in other protocols, instead of checking
the size of DATA frames.
Maxim Dounin [Fri, 5 Mar 2021 14:16:32 +0000 (17:16 +0300)]
Mail: sending of the PROXY protocol to backends.
Activated with the "proxy_protocol" directive. Can be combined with
"listen ... proxy_protocol;" and "set_real_ip_from ...;" to pass
client address provided to nginx in the PROXY protocol header.
Maxim Dounin [Fri, 5 Mar 2021 14:16:24 +0000 (17:16 +0300)]
Mail: parsing of the PROXY protocol from clients.
Activated with the "proxy_protocol" parameter of the "listen" directive.
Obtained information is passed to the auth_http script in Proxy-Protocol-Addr,
Proxy-Protocol-Port, Proxy-Protocol-Server-Addr, and Proxy-Protocol-Server-Port
headers.
Maxim Dounin [Fri, 5 Mar 2021 14:16:19 +0000 (17:16 +0300)]
Mail: postponed session initialization under accept mutex.
Similarly to 40e8ce405859 in the stream module, this reduces the time
accept mutex is held. This also simplifies following changes to
introduce PROXY protocol support.
Maxim Dounin [Fri, 5 Mar 2021 14:16:17 +0000 (17:16 +0300)]
Mail: added missing event handling after reading data.
If we need to be notified about further events, ngx_handle_read_event()
needs to be called after a read event is processed. Without this,
an event can be removed from the kernel and won't be reported again,
notably when using oneshot event methods, such as eventport on Solaris.
For consistency, existing ngx_handle_read_event() call removed from
ngx_mail_read_command(), as this call only covers one of the code paths
where ngx_mail_read_command() returns NGX_AGAIN. Instead, appropriate
processing added to the callers, covering all code paths where NGX_AGAIN
is returned.
Maxim Dounin [Fri, 5 Mar 2021 14:16:16 +0000 (17:16 +0300)]
Mail: added missing event handling after blocking events.
As long as a read event is blocked (ignored), ngx_handle_read_event()
needs to be called to make sure no further notifications will be
triggered when using level-triggered event methods, such as select() or
poll().
Maxim Dounin [Fri, 5 Mar 2021 14:16:15 +0000 (17:16 +0300)]
Events: fixed eventport handling in ngx_handle_read_event().
The "!rev->ready" test seems to be a typo, introduced in the original
commit (719:f30b1a75fd3b). The ngx_handle_write_event() code properly
tests for "rev->ready" instead.
Due to this typo, read events might be unexpectedly removed during
proxying after an event on the other part of the proxied connection.
Catched by mail proxying tests.
Maxim Dounin [Mon, 1 Mar 2021 17:00:45 +0000 (20:00 +0300)]
Introduced strerrordesc_np() support.
The strerrordesc_np() function, introduced in glibc 2.32, provides an
async-signal-safe way to obtain error messages. This makes it possible
to avoid copying error messages.
Maxim Dounin [Mon, 1 Mar 2021 17:00:43 +0000 (20:00 +0300)]
Improved maximum errno detection.
Previously, systems without sys_nerr (or _sys_nerr) were handled with an
assumption that errors start at 0 and continuous. This is, however, not
something POSIX requires, and not true on some platforms.
Notably, on Linux, where sys_nerr is no longer available for newly linked
binaries starting with glibc 2.32, there are gaps in error list, which
used to stop us from properly detecting maximum errno. Further, on
GNU/Hurd errors start at 0x40000001.
With this change, maximum errno detection is moved to the runtime code,
now able to ignore gaps, and also detects the first error if needed.
This fixes observed "Unknown error" messages as seen on Linux with
glibc 2.32 and on GNU/Hurd.
Maxim Dounin [Mon, 1 Mar 2021 14:31:28 +0000 (17:31 +0300)]
HTTP/2: client_header_timeout before first request (ticket #2142).
With this change, behaviour of HTTP/2 becomes even closer to HTTP/1.x,
and client_header_timeout instead of keepalive_timeout is used before
the first request is received.
This fixes HTTP/2 connections being closed even before the first request
if "keepalive_timeout 0;" was used in the configuration; the problem
appeared in f790816a0e87 (1.19.7).
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 25 Feb 2021 20:42:25 +0000 (23:42 +0300)]
Contrib: vim syntax, default highlighting (ticket #2141).
Using default highlighting makes it possible to easily overrule
highlighting specified in the syntax file, see ":highlight-default"
in vim help for details.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 11 Feb 2021 18:52:24 +0000 (21:52 +0300)]
HTTP/2: keepalive_timeout now armed once between requests.
Previously, PINGs and other frames extended possible keepalive time,
making it possible to keep an open HTTP/2 connection for a long time.
Now the connection is always closed as long as keepalive_timeout expires,
similarly to how it happens in HTTP/1.x.
Note that as a part of this change, incomplete frames are no longer
trigger a separate timeout, so http2_recv_timeout (replaced by
client_header_timeout in previous patches) is essentially cancelled.
The client_header_timeout is, however, used for SSL handshake and
while reading HEADERS frames.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 11 Feb 2021 18:52:23 +0000 (21:52 +0300)]
HTTP/2: removed http2_idle_timeout and http2_max_requests.
Instead, keepalive_timeout and keepalive_requests are now used. This
is expected to simplify HTTP/2 code and usage. This also matches
directives used by upstream module for all protocols.
In case of default settings, this effectively changes maximum number
of requests per connection from 1000 to 100. This looks acceptable,
especially given that HTTP/2 code now properly supports lingering close.
Further, this changes default keepalive timeout in HTTP/2 from 300 seconds
to 75 seconds. This also looks acceptable, and larger than PING interval
used by Firefox (network.http.spdy.ping-threshold defaults to 58s),
the only browser to use PINGs.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 11 Feb 2021 18:52:20 +0000 (21:52 +0300)]
HTTP/2: removed http2_recv_timeout.
Instead, the client_header_timeout is now used for HTTP/2 reading.
Further, the timeout is changed to be set once till no further data
left to read, similarly to how client_header_timeout is used in other
places.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 11 Feb 2021 18:52:17 +0000 (21:52 +0300)]
HTTP/2: fixed reusing connections with active requests.
New connections are marked reusable by ngx_http_init_connection() if there
are no data available for reading. As a result, if SSL is not used,
ngx_http_v2_init() might be called when the connection is marked reusable.
If a HEADERS frame is immediately available for reading, this resulted
in connection being preserved in reusable state with an active request,
and possibly closed later as if during worker shutdown (that is, after
all active requests were finalized).
Fix is to explicitly mark connections non-reusable in ngx_http_v2_init()
instead of (incorrectly) assuming they are already non-reusable.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 11 Feb 2021 18:52:11 +0000 (21:52 +0300)]
Additional connections reuse.
If ngx_drain_connections() fails to immediately reuse any connections
and there are no free connections, it now additionally tries to reuse
a connection again. This helps to provide at least one free connection
in case of HTTP/2 with lingering close, where merely trying to reuse
a connection once does not free it, but makes it reusable again,
waiting for lingering close.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 11 Feb 2021 18:52:09 +0000 (21:52 +0300)]
Reuse of connections in lingering close.
This is particularly important in HTTP/2, where keepalive connections
are closed with lingering. Before the patch, reusing a keepalive HTTP/2
connection resulted in the connection waiting for lingering close to
remain in the reusable connections queue, preventing ngx_drain_connections()
from closing additional connections.
The patch fixes it by marking the connection reusable again, and so
moving it in the reusable connections queue. Further, it makes actually
possible to reuse such connections if needed.
Maxim Dounin [Tue, 19 Jan 2021 17:32:00 +0000 (20:32 +0300)]
Core: removed post_accept_timeout.
Keeping post_accept_timeout in ngx_listening_t is no longer needed since
we've switched to 1 second timeout for deferred accept in 5541:fdb67cfc957d.
Further, using it in HTTP code can result in client_header_timeout being
used from an incorrect server block, notably if address-specific virtual
servers are used along with a wildcard listening socket, or if we've switched
to a different server block based on SNI in SSL handshake.
Maxim Dounin [Tue, 19 Jan 2021 17:21:12 +0000 (20:21 +0300)]
Removed incorrect optimization of HEAD requests.
The stub status module and ngx_http_send_response() (used by the empty gif
module and the "return" directive) incorrectly assumed that responding
to HEAD requests always results in r->header_only being set. This is not
true, and results in incorrect behaviour, for example, in the following
configuration:
Maxim Dounin [Tue, 12 Jan 2021 13:59:31 +0000 (16:59 +0300)]
Upstream: fixed zero size buf alerts on extra data (ticket #2117).
After 7675:9afa45068b8f and 7678:bffcc5af1d72 (1.19.1), during non-buffered
simple proxying, responses with extra data might result in zero size buffers
being generated and "zero size buf" alerts in writer. This bug is similar
to the one with FastCGI proxying fixed in 7689:da8d758aabeb.
In non-buffered mode, normally the filter function is not called if
u->length is already 0, since u->length is checked after each call of
the filter function. There is a case when this can happen though: if
the response length is 0, and there are pre-read response body data left
after reading response headers. As such, a check for u->length is needed
at the start of non-buffered filter functions, similar to the one
for p->length present in buffered filter functions.
Appropriate checks added to the existing non-buffered copy filters
in the upstream (used by scgi and uwsgi proxying) and proxy modules.
Maxim Dounin [Fri, 11 Dec 2020 10:42:07 +0000 (13:42 +0300)]
Fixed double close of non-regular files in flv and mp4.
With introduction of open_file_cache in 1454:f497ed7682a7, opening a file
with ngx_open_cached_file() automatically adds a cleanup handler to close
the file. As such, calling ngx_close_file() directly for non-regular files
is no longer needed and will result in duplicate close() call.
In 1454:f497ed7682a7 ngx_close_file() call for non-regular files was removed
in the static module, but wasn't in the flv module. And the resulting
incorrect code was later copied to the mp4 module. Fix is to remove the
ngx_close_file() call from both modules.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 10 Dec 2020 17:09:39 +0000 (20:09 +0300)]
Removed extra allocation for r->uri.
The ngx_http_parse_complex_uri() function cannot make URI longer and does
not null-terminate URI, so there is no need to allocate an extra byte. This
allocation appears to be a leftover from changes in 461:a88a3e4e158f (0.1.5),
where null-termination of r->uri and many other strings was removed.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 10 Dec 2020 17:09:30 +0000 (20:09 +0300)]
Fixed parsing of absolute URIs with empty path (ticket #2079).
When the request line contains request-target in the absolute-URI form,
it can contain path-empty instead of a single slash (see RFC 7230, RFC 3986).
Previously, the ngx_http_parse_request_line() function only accepted empty
path when there was no query string.
With this change, non-empty query is also correctly handled. That is,
request line "GET http://example.com?foo HTTP/1.1" is accepted and results
in $uri "/" and $args "foo".
Note that $request_uri remains "?foo", similarly to how spaces in URIs
are handled. Providing "/?foo", similarly to how "/" is provided for
"GET http://example.com HTTP/1.1", requires allocation.
Ruslan Ermilov [Thu, 26 Nov 2020 21:01:20 +0000 (00:01 +0300)]
Upstream: excluded down servers from the next_upstream tries.
Previously, the number of next_upstream tries included servers marked
as "down", resulting in "no live upstreams" with the code 502 instead
of the code derived from an attempt to connect to the last tried "up"
server (ticket #2096).
Pavel Pautov [Thu, 19 Nov 2020 02:41:16 +0000 (18:41 -0800)]
gRPC: RST_STREAM(NO_ERROR) handling after "trailer only" responses.
Similarly to the problem fixed in 2096b21fcd10 (ticket #1792),
when a "trailer only" gRPC response (that is, a response with the
END_STREAM flag in the HEADERS frame) was immediately followed by
RST_STREAM(NO_ERROR) in the data preread along with the response
header, RST_STREAM wasn't properly skipped and caused "upstream
rejected request with error 0" errors.
Observed with "unknown service" gRPC errors returned by grpc-go.
Fix is to set ctx->done if we are going to parse additional data,
so the RST_STREAM(NO_ERROR) is properly skipped. Additionally, now
ngx_http_grpc_filter() will complain about frames sent for closed
stream if there are any.
Igor Ippolitov [Thu, 19 Nov 2020 16:59:00 +0000 (16:59 +0000)]
Core: "-e" command line option.
When installing or running from a non-root user it is sometimes required to
override default, compiled in error log path. There was no way to do this
without rebuilding the binary (ticket #147).
This patch introduced "-e" command line option which allows one to override
compiled in error log path.
Maxim Dounin [Tue, 10 Nov 2020 14:13:20 +0000 (17:13 +0300)]
Configure: shared sources for addon modules.
Addon modules, both dynamic and static, can now use shared source files.
Shared sources result in only one make rule even if specified several
times in different modules.
Before introduction of request body filter in 42d9beeb22db, the only
possible return code from the ngx_http_request_body_filter() call
without actual buffers was NGX_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, and
the code in ngx_http_read_client_request_body() hardcoded the only
possible error to simplify the code of initial call to set rb->rest.
This is no longer true after introduction of request body filters though,
as a request body filter might need to return other errors, such as 403.
Fix is to preserve the error code actually returned by the call
instead of assuming 500.
Maxim Dounin [Mon, 9 Nov 2020 19:40:53 +0000 (22:40 +0300)]
Request body: improved logging.
Added logging before returning NGX_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR if there
are busy buffers after a request body flush. This should never happen
with current code, though bugs can be introduced by 3rd party modules.
Make sure debugging will be easy enough.
Ruslan Ermilov [Fri, 6 Nov 2020 20:44:54 +0000 (23:44 +0300)]
SSL: fixed non-working SSL shutdown on lingering close.
When doing lingering close, the socket was first shut down for writing,
so SSL shutdown initiated after lingering close was not able to send
the close_notify alerts (ticket #2056).
The fix is to call ngx_ssl_shutdown() before shutting down the socket.
In some cases it might be needed to reject SSL handshake based on SNI
server name provided, for example, to make sure an invalid certificate
is not returned to clients trying to contact a name-based virtual server
without SSL configured. Previously, a "ssl_ciphers aNULL;" was used for
this. This workaround, however, is not compatible with TLSv1.3, in
particular, when using BoringSSL, where it is not possible to configure
TLSv1.3 ciphers at all.
With this change, the ssl_reject_handshake directive is introduced,
which instructs nginx to reject SSL handshakes with an "unrecognized_name"
alert in a particular server block.
For example, to reject handshake with names other than example.com,
one can use the following configuration:
server {
listen 443 ssl;
ssl_reject_handshake on;
}
Additionally, the ssl_reject_handshake directive makes configuring
certificates for the default server block optional. If no certificates
are configured in the default server for a given listening socket,
certificates must be defined in all non-default server blocks with
the listening socket in question.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 22 Oct 2020 15:00:27 +0000 (18:00 +0300)]
Stream: proxy_ssl_conf_command directive.
Similarly to ssl_conf_command, proxy_ssl_conf_command can be used to
set arbitrary OpenSSL configuration parameters as long as nginx is
compiled with OpenSSL 1.0.2 or later, when connecting to upstream
servers with SSL. Full list of available configuration commands
can be found in the SSL_CONF_cmd manual page
(https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.1/man3/SSL_CONF_cmd.html).
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 22 Oct 2020 15:00:23 +0000 (18:00 +0300)]
Upstream: proxy_ssl_conf_command and friends.
Similarly to ssl_conf_command, proxy_ssl_conf_command (grpc_ssl_conf_command,
uwsgi_ssl_conf_command) can be used to set arbitrary OpenSSL configuration
parameters as long as nginx is compiled with OpenSSL 1.0.2 or later,
when connecting to upstream servers with SSL. Full list of available
configuration commands can be found in the SSL_CONF_cmd manual page
(https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.1/man3/SSL_CONF_cmd.html).
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 22 Oct 2020 15:00:22 +0000 (18:00 +0300)]
SSL: ssl_conf_command directive.
With the ssl_conf_command directive it is now possible to set
arbitrary OpenSSL configuration parameters as long as nginx is compiled
with OpenSSL 1.0.2 or later. Full list of available configuration
commands can be found in the SSL_CONF_cmd manual page
(https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.1/man3/SSL_CONF_cmd.html).
In particular, this allows configuring PrioritizeChaCha option
(ticket #1445):
ssl_conf_command Options PrioritizeChaCha;
It can be also used to configure TLSv1.3 ciphers in OpenSSL,
which fails to configure them via the SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list()
interface (ticket #1529):
Configuration commands are applied after nginx own configuration
for SSL, so they can be used to override anything set by nginx.
Note though that configuring OpenSSL directly with ssl_conf_command
might result in a behaviour nginx does not expect, and should be
done with care.
Maxim Dounin [Thu, 22 Oct 2020 15:00:20 +0000 (18:00 +0300)]
Core: ngx_conf_set_keyval_slot() now accepts NGX_CONF_UNSET_PTR.
With this change, it is now possible to use ngx_conf_merge_ptr_value()
to merge keyval arrays. This change actually follows much earlier
changes in ngx_conf_merge_ptr_value() and ngx_conf_set_str_array_slot()
in 1452:cd586e963db0 (0.6.10) and 1701:40d004d95d88 (0.6.22).
To preserve compatibility with existing 3rd party modules, both NULL
and NGX_CONF_UNSET_PTR are accepted for now.